Why Do I Pee When I Masterbate

Facts and figures on the development of Tibet

by People Daily - english.people.com.cn/90002/93607/93800/6395279 .
html translation from English to http://www.resistenze.org by the Documentation Centre of Culture and Popular

Facts and figures on the development of Tibet
04/18/2008

What are the changes that have taken snowy place in the Plateau of Tibet Autonomous Region since the peaceful liberation in 1951? In the following some of the most important facts and figures about Tibet.

Income tax: the government of the Region Tibet Autonomous broke the record sequence of income tax to zero in 1988. In 2007 the region has made 2.3 billion yuan (328 million dollars) in tax revenue.

Health Care: The average life expectancy of Tibetan people increased from 35.5 years before Tibet's democratic reform in 1959, aged 67. The mortality rate at birth has dropped from 5,000 per 100,000 pregnancies in 1950 to the first 247.49 per 100,000 pregnancies. Tibet now has 1,343 medical devices that employ 9,095 health workers. Of these, 4,270 have licenses to practice medicine. The rate of hospital beds and medical personnel per 1,000 inhabitants has risen to 3.2 and 2.64. According to the report Regional Health, 100 percent of farmers and herders are covered by the health care system.

Population and welfare: The Tibetan population increased slowly before 1950, when they were absent social protection schemes for the Tibetans. The Tibetan population in the course of 200 years before 1950 remained stagnant at around one million inhabitants. A census of the regional government in 1953 the population stood at one million inhabitants, an increase of 58,000 people in 200 years. Since the last census showed that the total population in Tibet reached 2.8 million at the end of 2007, 31,500 more people than the previous year, and more than double the situation before 1950. Currently, the 330,000 residents in the city in Tibet are covered by social insurance.

Education: There was no public education in old Tibet, when less than two percent of school-age children had access to schooling and the illiteracy rate among people of working age over 95 per percent. At present, in all 73 counties of Tibet, there are six years of compulsory education. 63 counties have passed the milestone reached a nine-year compulsory education basically eliminating illiteracy among people of working age. The nine-year compulsory education about 90.2 percent of children in these countries, where quality the school is improving. So far, enrollment rates in primary schools, secondary schools, higher education, had risen to 98.2 per cent, 90.7 per cent, 42.96 per cent and 17.4 per cent. The illiteracy rate among people of working age fell to 4.76 percent.

Social Life: Based on the statistics of the old Tibet, about 90 percent of the Tibetan people had their own housing property. Today, nearly all Tibetans staying permanently, with the exception of the areas devoted to nomadism to transhumance. To further improve the living standards of Tibetans, a government-backed program has helped build new homes for 114,000 households or 570,000 farmers and herdsmen since 2006. The per capita income of farmers and herdsmen amounted last year to 2,788 yuan (398 U.S. dollars) and that of the urban population rose to 11,131 yuan (1,590 dollars). The data of 2006 counted 143,900 private vehicles, 35.2 percent more than last year. Out of a population of 2.81 million, it means that one person in 20 Tibetans have a car.

Economics and Social Development: There was no industry in old Tibet, while agricultural development was stagnant. In 2007, they added 171,770 hectares of land for grain production in Tibet, 110 hectares more than in 2006. The industrial added value increased in 2007 by 17.1 percent year on year to 2.57 billion yuan (367 million dollars). The region was achieved by 4.02 million visitors in 2007. Revenues from the tourism sector count of 4.8 billion yuan (686 million dollars), an increase of 73.3 percent year on year. The revenue from the tourism account for 14.2 percent of gross domestic product of the region in 2007, 4.6 percentage points more than in 2006.

Transport, Post and Telecommunications: There was no road in old Tibet. Last year, were opened to traffic 48,611 kilometers of roads in the region, surpassing the record of 3,798 km in 2006. In old Tibet were available modern means of communication. However, late last year, the number of subscribers to fixed telephony and mobile has registered 1.44 million people, more than 155,200 units more than the figure last year. The telephone access rate stood at 52 out of 100 people.

Democratic rights: In 1961, general elections were held all over Tibet, unprecedented in Tibetan history. For the first time, the former serfs and slaves were able to enjoy democratic rights of their masters. Since the founding of the regional government in 1965, Tibetans have exercised their rights recognized by the Constitution and laws, to elect and be elected. The body of Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region has been elected and led mainly by Tibetans and other ethnic groups. Based on demographic data provided by the department in the region, 69.36 percent of the leaders of the regional government are Tibetans or other ethnic groups, while the Tibetans and other ethnic groups make up 74.39 percent of professionals in the region .

Culture: China has earmarked 700 million yuan (100 million dollars) from the state budget for the Conservation of Cultural Property in Tibet. More than 4,000 religious sites have been preserved and open to the public. The budget for this year was set at 570 million yuan (81 million dollars), which will be used for storage of 22 cultural sites. Among 4,000 cultural workers, 90 percent are Tibetans, mostly young talent.

Why Does My Toshiba Laptop Transformer Tick?

Five questions about the rebellion in Tibet in 2008

www.resistenze.org - resistant populations - China - 3/30/2008 - No 221

by Rebelion - www.rebelion.org/noticia.php?id=65321

Five questions about the rebellion in Tibet

1) What really happened? - 2) What was the objective of this rebellion? - 3) Lies media: To what end? - 4) The Tibetan movement is spontaneous and independent? - 5) China is condemned by the international community?

Michel Collon 30/03/2008


Introduction: Be! Facts, facts and more! After our last

"Special Tibet" we have received many letters. We can not answer each. I apologize. Three trends emerge from the letters received (remember that our newsletter reaches fifty thousand recipients and comes to people of various political leanings, not only to the left).


1. Many like our work and spread it.
2. Many others are trying to talk and ask questions of construction, which coincide with our intentions.
3. Still others are so outraged that we all kind of climax they hitch epithets. But there may be a dialogue with the epithets? We respond Facts! Facts and facts again!


A clarification, here it is not Beijing defend everything he does (eg what happened during the Cultural Revolution). This is the right of citizens to receive accurate information and comprehensive. Essential to form an opinion. To do that, you hear the version of both parties. What would we think of a judge who did not want to hear both sides?

For four years this site provides information on the media lies. If there has been misinformation in Iraq, Yugoslavia, Palestine, Venezuela, and in all major conflicts in which they play in the U.S. and European interests, because Tibet should be an exception?

Although the contents of the article answers a single author, we would like to make three questions:


1. If what happens in Tibet is so clear, because we were fed so many lies the media in recent days?
2. Why not explain that these facts have been prepared by the CIA to methods used previously, compared to Vietnam or to bring down Allende Salvdor?
3. Why hide the strategic interests that the U.S. have there? In this regard include the founding document of the Bush policy: the known "Project for a New American Century (PNAC). With this, China is seen as the main obstacle to U.S. global domination.

Everyone should be his opinion without being overawed.

Michel Collon and the team Investig'Action


Five questions about the rebellion in Tibet
Peter Franssen

This newsletter is totally dedicated to the events that took place in Tibet. Last Friday, March 14 there was a rebellion in Lhasa, capital of Tibet Autonomous Region. What has happened has sparked worldwide protests against the intervention of riot police and the Chinese army. Here are five essential questions and a draft response for each.

1. What really happened?

In the West the public had the impression that of peaceful demonstrators, led by monks, had marched through the streets of Lhasa to demand freedom, and that the Chinese police and its army had intervened in a very repressive. In five, ten days, many people continued to keep this version. Nancy Pelosi, speaker of parliament and the U.S. number two in the political hierarchy of his country, is one of those. Pelosi has publicly stated that China's behavior was "a challenge to the conscience of the world."
See the article: www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/03/21/news/Pelosi-Dalai-Lama.php

"If we do not talk now, we will never have more right to speak," he added the lady. The The Dalai Lama thanked her by saying that the U.S. was the "champions of freedom and democracy." The Dalai Lama knows he has the good fortune to be Tibetan and not to live in Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Afghanistan or Iraq, to \u200b\u200bmention only some of the countries in which the U.S., these "champions of freedom and democracy, unleashed wars . Wars that have been able to count on this blessing of peace from the eternal smile that is the Dalai Lama.

Two days after the declaration of Nancy Pelosi, the German Hans-Gert Poettering, President of the European Parliament, stated that "if the Chinese government continues with this hard line on Tibet, we think a boycott the Olympic Games. "
See the article: www.ft.com/cms/s/0/7f31888c-f8e5-11dc-bcf3-000077b07658.html

This proposed boycott had already made days before the French Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner . His German counterpart, Frank Walter Steinmeier, has also issued a warning to China, stating that his behavior could affect the Olympic Games.
See the article: http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5h79xS2DH2a0P1VYcF_2aHikRFJtAD8VHTPG0

We believe in the sincerity of Pelosi, Poettering, Steinmeier and Kouchner. Without doubt, all statements, reports, videos and photos of eyewitnesses of the facts show just the opposite of what the politicians claim to have happened. Currently, we can say with certainty, that last March 14 there were demonstrations, but a real insurrection. Groups of young (sometimes accompanied by monks), armed with knives, daggers, stones and Molotov cocktails, set fire to shops, vehicles and homes. With the exception of tourists, have been threatened all Tibetans. Not only the Chinese were attacked (sometimes to death), but also Muslims hui. The violence was brutal, ethnic and racist. We collect a number of witnesses coming mostly from Western sources.

"In front of our hotel set fire to four buildings"
"the intersection in front of my hotel I could see how some angry Tibetans took to throwing stones in the Chinese motorcycle and go from there. When someone fell from the motorcycle, beat them brutally, "said a tourist in the Dutch newspaper De Volkskrant.
See the article: www.volkskrantreizen.nl/blogpost.php?username=reisredactie&webtitle=nederlanders_over_onluste&usergroup=redacti

"Not even the elderly were saved"
The French daily Le Parisien published an interview with a Canadian tourist, John Kenwood. The witness told how a gang has pulled off a motorcycle and got an old barrel. A Westerner who went from there managed to save it.
See the article: # header www.leparisien.fr/home/info/international/articles/SCENES-DE-LYNCHAGE-DE-CHINOIS-PAR-DES-TIBETAINS_296267549

Images insurrection
We can see some pictures in which an angry man hitting a Chinese motorcycle. The Chinese is joined by six or seven stones. Others throw themselves on him, the land and continue to hit him, even on the ground. Later reach a hospital. He lost an eye.
WARNING: these images are very violent: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jr3vhPo0pK0

are not saved or hospitals or schools.
The budget is very high: 13 dead and 325 wounded, 422 shops, 120 private homes, hospitals, 6 and 7 schools have suffered from attacks of varying severity.
See the article: http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90882/6376824.html

Five girls burnt alive
A group of protesters set fire to a shop in Lhasa. In that shop worked six jobs. Five have died burnt alive. The oldest was 24 years old, the youngest 18.
See the article: www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-03/20/content_6553129.htm

"Do not protesters, but criminals,"
An article in the German newspaper Junge Welt argues that it was not protesters, but to criminals!
See the article: www.jungewelt.de/2008/03-20/059.php

"Around me everything was on fire," Benjamin Morgan
The journalist has interviewed many foreign tourists who were returning from the Tibetan capital Lhasa. Tourists is hard to find the right words to describe the brutality they had witnessed in the days before.
See the article: www.smh.com.au/news/world/crackdown-as-10-burnt-to-death-in-Tíbet-riots/2008/03/15/1205472170804.html

"attack stone, butcher knives and machetes "
The testimony of the Spaniard Juan Carlos Alonso.
See the article: www.straitstimes.com / Latest% 2BNews/Asia/STIStory_217614.html The wounded


recount their experiences from their hospital bed, two Muslims tell us about their experiences.
See the article: http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-03/16/content_7802771.htm

were also attacked Muslims
James Miles explains how the thugs attacked everything that is not was Tibetan.
See the article: www.economist.com/daily/news/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10870258

"You could see people being beaten to death"
A Danish tourist has his testimony. The article is in Danish, but here you can read an excerpt in English:
www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7386817

A tourist: "The Muslim Quarter has been completely destroyed"
Shops looted, torched .. The entire neighborhood devastated.
See the article: www.arabtimesonline.com/client/pagesdetails.asp?nid=13971&ccid=18

2. What was the target of this violence?

induce the Chinese government
There was a spontaneous rebellion? It is an explosion of popular fury which, unfortunately, it ended badly? This is the version we want to give the Dalai Lama. Extremist organizations have admitted that they planned what happened. The tactic was expected to cause the Chinese authorities. On March 15, the day following the rebellion, The Seattle Times published an article that was entitled "Consider China." Tsewang Rigzin, president extremist Tibetan Youth League, said that the Olympic Games are an opportunity to forward their cause world opinion. "We want to explore the Cina.Vogliamo showing its true face. For this cause it so. "
See the article: http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2004284049_Tíbetanalysis.html

The facts have followed the plan provided. In this video we can see, in about 90 seconds, a man armed with two sticks, standing on the roof of a police car. It is the leader of a gang of violent. The man, part of the Tibetan Youth League, is known to the intelligence of the Chinese police. It's been underground. The man was part of a group of 40 Tibetans who a month before the events, had received an intensive course of three days in the Indian town of Dharamshala, where he was the Dalai Lama. One of the instructors was none other than the head of "The Voice of Tibet", a radio station financed by the CIA. During the course were discussed such topics as the role of the media, the situation in Tibet, the importance of the Olympic Games, the importance of action coordinated the field.
See the article: www.phayul.com/news/article.aspx?id=19302

The two manuals used in that course had been previously used, for example in Eastern Europe, where young people far-right organizations, Otpor (Serbia) and Pora (Ukraine), directed and trained by the CIA and other intelligence agencies, have attended these courses to prepare the famous "Orange Revolution". In 2006, the Albert Einstein Institute has translated those manuals. The prologue of one is none other than the Dalai Lama. You can read all
: www.aeinstein.org / organizationsTibetanFDTD.html

Renovating theocracy
Declaration the president of the youth that we find below, coincides with the objectives of the rebellion set of five Tibetan separatist organizations. In this text, it is clear that the five organizations have demanded an uprising that would put an end to "occupation." These are: The Tibetan Youth Congress, the Tibetan Women's Association, the Gu-Chu-Sum Movement of Tibet, the National Democratic Party of Tibet and Students for a Free Tibet. In its platform of demands we can find the objective of a return of the Dalai Lama in Tibet, which "should give the rightful place for law as a legitimate leader of the Tibetan people." These organizations claim, therefore, the return of theocracy in Tibet. It 's like the fundamentalists Catholics wanted the restoration of feudal medieval Europe, "by giving the Pope his rightful place" at the helm of the temporal power. Tibetan Uprising

Declaration (Declaration on insurrection Tibetan) January 4, 2008.
See the article: http://tibetanuprising.org/2008/03/11/background/

induce escalation of violence
the face to world opinion the Tibetan movement seems very friendly and peaceful, spiritual essence and dedicated to the elevation of souls. But what has happened Lhasa shows us a very different reality. Six days after the deaths in Lhasa, after which it was legitimate to expect a pause by the instigators of the violence, the provocations were again verified. On March 20, belonging to the five mentioned separatist organizations met with the Dalai Lama and asked him to make an appeal to violence.

Tibetan Youth Congress Meyul meets Dalai Lama (Tibetan Youth Congress shall meet with the Dalai Lama) March 20, 2008
See the article: http://meyul.com/2008/03/20/tibetan-youth-congress -meets-dalai-lama /

To obtain the dismemberment of China
Some of the principal authors of the Tibetan movement claim to break up China and their desires is not only Tibet, but would like the Autonomous Region of Xinjiang and Mongolia were separated from China. The five above organizations have organized a "peace march", which began March 10 from the Indian city of Dharamsala. This march will last for five months and plans to cross the border between India and Tibet prssimo August 8, the day of the inauguration of the Olympic Games. But the march not only the Tibetans will participate. As they say, will do "with people from other occupied territories such as Mongolia and Turkmenistan East (Xinjiang)." Even these "occupied territories" should be released.

Tibetaanse Vredesmars: 'Return Home March' Jump voor de rechten van de mens (Tibetan march for peace. "The march back to the country," a passion for human rights) March 8, 2008.
See the article: http://passievoormensenrechten.web-log.nl/passie_voor_mensenrechten/2008/03/127-tibetaanse.html

3. Media lies, but for what purpose?

The majority of politicians and media have condemned China for what happened in Lhasa. But how would they behave if gangs of young rioters to be drawn to steal and burn the shops of Avenue Louise in Brussels? Do not complain in the police and harsh penalties? Friday, March 14 throughout the day, the police acted with extreme caution in Lhasa. But we have read in our media that China had reacted with "excessive violence". To convey this message to the public, some media have played dirty. They tried to convince us that the murderers and arsonists were freedom fighters, harshly repressed. They tried to discredit the Chinese policy at all costs. This

March 14 Tibetans in Lhasa have been "killed like dogs," says ABC:
See the article: www.abcnews.go.com/International/Story?id=4468783&page=4

The International Herald Tribune informed its readers that there were 30 dead by the Chinese repression.
See the article: www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/03/15/asia/AS-GEN-India-Tibet-Deaths.php

Radio Free Asia has presented a video on its website with information that hundreds of people "protesting peacefully in Lhasa until" the Chinese police has killed two. " Quest'emittente seems that the CIA is created by the lies themselves, as seen in the video just the cars on fire. Not even a policeman.
See: The media lies http://meyul.com/

removed by critics
Chinese students abroad were outraged by the treatment of these reports by Western media.
So they opened a web page where www.anti-cnn.com/ are refuted these lies and their criticism is contained in this four-minute video:
See: www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSQnK5FcKas

Reporters without shame
Except for organizations that run around the Dalai Lama, the organization Reporters Sans Frontieres (RSF) in this country has stood for the lies against China. RSF claims to be an independent organization that defends press freedom and human rights around the globe. Has sufficient influence in the Western media, although as an organization is nothing but a factory of lies. RSF has continued to publish items that promote hatred and blame China for the violence and victims. We could not miss the call to boycott the Olympic Games.
See the article: www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=26254

RSF is managed and partly funded by the CIA. Its leader, Robert Menard, a man who maintains close ties with the Mafia in Miami. RSF says that "Cuba is the largest prison of journalists in the world." Suspending a claim, if we consider that over the last forty years 791 journalists have been murdered in Latin America and even one was killed in Cuba

Robert Ménard and his team are very active in Menard is critical to Cuba the man who last week tried to sabotage the ceremony of the Olympic flame ignition. Although the media continue to believe the falsity of Menard, UNESCO is not wrong, just recently finished working with RSF. The reason? On several occasions, RSF had shown a lack of ethics in dealing with certain countries so little purpose.
See here on the decision of UNESCO: www.cubanews.ain.cu/2008/0313fracasaintento.htm

4. The Tibetan movement is spontaneous and independent?

In China there are about 5.4 million Tibetans, ie 0.4% of the total population of the country. The brave little David against Goliath the giant evil: This is an image that has been shaped public opinion. Even in this case the truth is very different. The main support of the Tibetan movement is the United States and more specifically the CIA and the U.S. Department of Foreign Affairs. For more than half a century, the Dalai Lama has close ties with these two pillars of U.S. foreign policy, the Dalai Lama walked away from his country to seek refuge in India at the request of the CIA in exchange for a large amount of dollars, despite the 'agreement with the government in Beijing. For many years the CIA was preparing an armed uprising in Tibet. The rebellion broke out in 1959, at that time the CIA had a training camp in Colorado, where he trained hundreds of Tibetans in guerrilla tactics and terrorismo.Questo program lasted until 1961. But the low intensity conflict (LIC) that the CIA maintains in Tibet continued to work until today. Have changed only the methods and tactics of the LIC. For more information: www.atimes.com/atimes/China/JC26Ad02.html

Financing through the CIA
The U.S. influence on the Tibetan movement is evident when we note that they are mostly just those who support this movement. In 1998, journalist Jim Mann wrote an interesting article in Australian newspaper The Age on the basis of official documents of the U.S. authorities. This article revealed, among other things, that in 60 years the CIA had given 1.7 million dollars a year to the Tibetan movement abroad. The Dalai Lama directly received $ 180,000 a year.
See the article: http://listserv.muohio.edu/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind9809c&L=archives&P=14058
course, we can ask what is the democratic quality of the Dalai Lama if the motion receives financial support by an organization responsible for millions of deaths in many places on the planet.


NED funding through the same period and later, the CIA faced criticism for the implementation of the Phoenix program in Vietnam, which cost the lives of 26,000 people, the coup against President Allende in Chile and support of death squads in Latin America. For this reason, part of CIA activities were transferred to a new organization, cynically called the National Endowment for Democracy (NED, National Endowment for Democracy). Since then, much of the money that the Tibetan movement has received, comes from its coffers. It was also funded, among others, the International Campaign for Tibet (ICT), an organization whose goal was to bring world opinion than the Dalai Lama. The Board of Directors consists of ICT, among others, the agent of the CIA and Czech President Vaclav Havel and the old Lithuanian President Vytautas Landsbergis. These two people are also members of the International Committee for Democracy in Cuba, an elite club of extreme right.
You can admire this group link: www.cubanismo.net / teksten_nl / democratic / eu_voor_cuba.htm

Another beneficiary of the U.S. money is the Tibet Fund (Tibet). This organization aims to persuade the Tibetans and the rest of the world of the legitimacy of the Dalai Lama. In 2001, Sharon Bush was its director: nothing more and nothing less than the sister of the current U.S. president.
Another group that receives money from the NED is the Tibet Information Network (Information Network Tibet), which is based in London. This group has a vocation propaganda. E 'directed by Oppenheimer, a journalist who has worked 22 years for the BBC.

The Tibetan Literary Society (Tibetan Literary Society) is funded by the NED, for the publication of the newspaper Bod-Kyl-Dus-Bab (Tibet Times).
Ned also appears in the accounts of the Tibet Multimedia Center, which broadcasts audio and video messages with the Dalai Lama. The Tibetan Review Trust Society, also funded by the NED for its publications in Tibetan and Chinese. The report of the NED

2006 (# www.ned.org/grants/06programs/grants-asia06.html chinaTibet) can be seen that five organizations Tibetan receive funds, which together reach a total of $ 173,000. But the list is not complete, for the "confidentiality" of some donations.

Funding through the U.S. Department of Foreign Affairs
The NED is not the only one to provide funding to the Tibetan movement. The Dalai Lama and his entourage received large sums of money through the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (DRL - Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labour) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The DRL receives money from the state to promote "democracy and human rights" around the world. Devotes the fourth part to organizations who are interested in "democracy and human rights "in China. The majority are Tibetans. Last year, the DRL has donated $ 23 million. A third of this was given to Ned won, the rest of the score has the same DRL. Among the other beneficiaries, the Tibet Fund mentioned above. The last annual report of the Tibet Fund is dated 2005.

See the document in PDF: http://tibetfund.org/annual_reports/2005report/2005_annualreport.pdf
With this, we can see that this year has five million dollars, half of which came from the U.S. government, especially by the Office of Population, Refugees and Immigration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This office is a section of the DRL. In 2005, the Dalai Lama has received $ 500,000 directly to the fund. Funding from Europe


The U.S. government is the main provider of funds to the Tibetan movement. Therefore, it is understandable preference of the Dalai Lama against U.S. foreign policy. But European governments are no different. Large slices of payments to the Tibetan movement are not made directly, but through foundations such as, for example, the Friedrich Naumann Stiftung Foundation and the Heinrich Bol Stiftung Foundation. The Dalai Lama, in 2005 awarded the Light of Truth (Light of Truth) to Count Otto Lambsdorff, chairman of the Friedrich Naumann Stiftung.
Here you can read a report on the topic: www.savetibet.org/nl/news/news.php?id=12

5. China is condemned by the international community? If we believe the information

western China is completely isolated, so the whole world condemns its policy. In fact, since last March 14, about a hundred countries have expressed their full support to China. The words "international community" in the mouth of U.S. President Bush, French President Sarkozy and German Chancellor Merkel, represent only themselves. Asia Latin America and Africa are not part of the choir. Recall that the "international community" by G. Bush also supported the war against Iraq. But if we look better, this was not true at all. According

Vietnam, Cambodia and Bangladesh, China has behaved properly.
The governments of Vietnam, Cambodia and Bangladesh were the first to express their support to China. Vietnamese Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs said: "Vietnam fully supports the Chinese government on the measures implemented to stabilize the situation in Tibet."
See the article: http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-03/21/content_7832281.htm

Hugo Chavez supports China and the Olympic Games
The Venezuelan president has condemned the violence of arson in Lhasa . He is convinced that those responsible are the USA.
See the article: www.standaard.be/Artikel/Detail.aspx?artikelId=B080326

Russia, Belarus, Pakistan, Arab countries ...
not have expressed support for Beijing only the direct neighbors.
See the article: www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2008-03/21/content_6554245.htm

Central Asian countries, Sierra Leone, Benin, Syria, Mongolia, Nepal, Tajikistan ...
The list is long. On the uprising in Lhasa, the Syrian Minister of Foreign Affairs said: "Syria condemns the acts and those who are dietro.Esprimiamo we declare our solidarity and support of the position of China."
See the article: http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-03/22/content_7836298.htm

"Cuba condemns the recent events that occurred in Tibet."
In these hard terms, the Cuban government has condemned the uprising in Lhasa. Cuba also said that "attacks on 19 Chinese embassies and consulates in 16 countries have a very serious violation of the spirit and paper to the Vienna Convention on diplomatic and consular relations."
See the article: www.ansa.it/ansalatina/notizie/notiziari/cuba/20080322215634620241.html

translation from English to www.resistenze.org FR

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China, Tibet and US-sponsored counterrevolution

http://www.lernesto.it/index.aspx?m=77&f=2&IDArticolo=17109

An objective look at the "Free Tibet" movement The following is a statement from the Party for Socialism and Liberation

Many U.S. progressives and liberals are supporting the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan opposition to the People’s Republic of China. So are George W. Bush, Rush Limbaugh, the CIA and every pro-imperialist government and media outlet. The vast majority of the peoples of China, including many in Tibet, oppose the U.S.-supported separatist movement.


How could progressive people be on the same side as Bush, the CIA and the ultra-right? How do we explain the paradox of progressive people supporting a movement that is financed and supported by the proponents of the U.S. Empire, as well as by all of the other old European colonial powers that had divided, humiliated and looted China for a full century prior to the 1949 revolution?

This riddle is solved by appreciating the impact of the effective CIA propaganda supporting the Dalai Lama and the old Tibetan ruling class that lost its power, privileges, serfs and slaves because of the Chinese Revolution. This propaganda is echoed in the western media constantly and it has affected liberal public opinion.

The National Endowment for Democracy funds the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan opposition. It also funds or funded the pro-U.S. opposition to Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez, the fascist opposition to former Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide and the opposition to the Cuban Revolution. The NED also funded Ronald Reagan’s contra war against the Sandinistas in Nicaragua.

From 1995 to 2005, the NED gave $2,047,479 to opposition Tibetan publications, radio stations, organizations and other institutes.

The Dalai Lama has a long, close history of working with the U.S. government. In fact, he and his supporters have been on the CIA payroll since the 1950s.

The International Campaign for Tibet, the Tibet Fund, the Tibet Voice Project, the Tibet Information Network, the Tibetan Literary Society, the Tibetan Review Trust Society and the Voice of Tibet all advance the progressive-sounding call for a "Free Tibet." They are all funded by the NED, which is itself funded by the U.S. State Department and the CIA.

According to historian Allen Weinstein, "A lot of what [the NED does] today was done covertly 25 years ago by the CIA." Weinstein helped draft the legislation that created the NED. (1)

Many progressives in the United States believe that Tibet is severely oppressed by the government of the People’s Republic of China. They have been convinced that the Dalai Lama is a man of peace who has been ruthlessly suppressed by China, and that he has the allegiance of nearly all Tibetans. Most of these Dalai Lama supporters sincerely believe in the right of self-determination and believe that the People’s Republic of China has violated this right.

Among this sector of liberal and progressive opinion, the reflex to any struggle between China and what they perceive to be the Tibetan people as a whole is to express profound solidarity with those they consider to be the oppressed.

This view obscures the essential social and class dynamic in Tibet. Influenced by this false conception, people who should know better lose their critical faculties.

Knowing that George W. Bush is an imperialist criminal, one must pause and ponder the question: Why did Bush award the Congressional Gold Medal to the Dalai Lama in a highly publicized White House ceremony in 2007? Bush would never conduct such a ceremony for a genuinely progressive person. Bush views the Dalai Lama in much the same way he viewed Ahmed Chalabi before the invasion of Iraq—as a useful tool for the U.S. Empire.

Demonization campaign a prelude to imperialist intervention

The demonization of China is in full swing now. Demonization is the imperialists’ preferred tool to delegitimize their targets and prepare the ground for a destabilization campaign and possible military intervention.

The demonization tactic has been consistently applied preceding regime changes, coups and invasions: the invasion of Panama in 1989, Iraq in 1991 and 2003, Haiti in the first half of 1990s, the aerial destruction of Yugoslavia in 1999, the military coup in Venezuela in 2002, and the new threats against Iran. The pattern is crystal clear.

Although our organization has profound political differences with many of the policies of the Chinese Communist Party, especially its promotion of capitalist-style market practices, we feel that it is necessary to expose the hidden and not-so-hidden efforts of the Bush administration, the CIA, the Democratic Party and other centers of political power to destabilize and dismember the People’s Republic of China. Most Chinese people recognize that this effort, if successful, would hurl both China and Tibet backward.

Some in the liberal camp might argue that, though U.S. motives may be impure and even imperialist toward China and Tibet, this does not diminish the legitimacy of Tibet’s fight for independence.

Progressives should think this through. For more than a century, Washington has sought to build a world empire. Its foreign and military policies focus exclusively on achieving and maintaining its global aspirations. It is not tenable for progressives to view the issue of self-determination in the abstract; we must account for the strategic designs of imperialism.

The historical analogy of Cuba’s war for independence from the English Empire comes to mind. The U.S. military invaded Cuba in 1898 under the pretext of supporting Cuba’s independence from Spain. Soon, the U.S. government’s own imperialist goals were revealed as it turned Cuba into a protectorate, seized Puerto Rico from Spain and invaded the Philippines.

Mark Twain and the other leaders of the Anti-Imperialist League in the United States exposed the true nature of the U.S. project to incorporate Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines into a new U.S. sphere of influence. Progressives in the United States would be well served by remembering this legacy and applying it to U.S. imperialism’s unfolding struggle to "liberate" Tibet from China.

Mark Twain and his colleagues were deeply sympathetic to the cause of Cuban independence from Spain but they still militantly opposed the U.S. intervention. They understood it was a cruel and cynical U.S. ploy to conquer Cuba. Unlike the current struggle by the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan Youth Congress, Cuba’s independence movement was led by genuine revolutionaries like José Martí.

José Martí, the "Apostle of Cuban Independence," represented the slaves, ex-slaves, workers and peasants against their Cuban bosses and tormentors, as well as the foreign colonizing power. The Dalai Lama, on the other hand, is the voice and figurehead for the ruling elites who lived off of the labor of serfs—modern-day land-slaves. Martí fought the foreign occupier while the Dalai Lama was a well-paid cog in Britain’s colonial machine in Asia.

Myths and facts of pre-revolutionary Tibet and the Dalai Lama

The popular presentation of old Tibet is the Hollywood version of reality. It is both Orientalist and racist. Old Tibet is viewed as a nation founded on peace and spiritual harmony, populated by gentle monks who lived humbly side-by-side with a rustic peasant population at one with nature. In this mythical depiction, the brutal communist government of China is cruelly occupying this idyllic Shangri-la.

Tenzin Gyatso, known as the Dalai Lama, heads the Tibetan opposition movement financed and cultivated for more than 50 years by Washington. He is the religious leader of Tibetan Buddhism and former ruler of Tibet—the "god-king" of the Tibetan feudal system until 1959.

Prior to 1959, 95 percent of the people lived in shocking, slave-like conditions, while an extremely repressive aristocracy "lived in opulent splendor. … Among the populace, a common appellation for the rich was ‘ones whose lips are always moistened by tea.’" (2)

A 1940 survey showed that "38 percent of the households never got any tea, but either collected herbs that grew wild or drank ‘white tea’—boiled water. … 51 percent could not afford to use butter (tea and yak butter were main staples), and 75 percent of the households were forced at times to resort to eating grass cooked with cow bones and mixed with oat or pea flour." (3)

Education was almost non-existent, and what existed was exclusive to the nobility. Health conditions were abysmal, with an estimated 90 percent of the people suffering venereal disease and about 30 percent infected with smallpox. (4) In 1959, infant mortality was 430 deaths per 1,000 births and average life expectancy was 35.5 years. (5)

Of a serf’s production, 50 to 70 percent was owed to his manorial master, in addition to forced labor called "ulag." Dozens of taxes had to be paid, including butter tax, meat tax, wool tax, woolen cloth tax and a tax on tsampa—a staple food usually made from barley—to support the monasteries. Prayer festival taxes, hay taxes, utensil taxes, meat taxes, past-due taxes, corvée taxes in the form of labor, military taxes and others had to be paid to the government. Many additional taxes were paid to the feudal lord.

The extremely high number of manor estates and monks—who performed no work but lived from others’ labor—was an enormous drain on society. Out of the 37,000 inhabitants in Lhasa, Tibet’s capital, 16,000 were monks. The Drepung monastery alone had "185 manors, 20,000 serfs, 300 pastures and 16,000 herdsmen." (6)

Profoundly superstitious beliefs, complete religious control by Tibetan Buddhist lamas over the masses and severe punishment, including death, for any type of disobedience effectively kept the people from rebelling or questioning their condition.

It is no coincidence that the recent chain of events leading up to the present turmoil began on March 10. On that day in 1959, the Dalai Lama and the feudal nobility launched an armed rebellion in Tibet in opposition to major social changes introduced shortly after the triumph of the Chinese Revolution.

Tibet and China before the 1949 revolution

In present-day China, the Han nationality makes up 91 percent of the population. The remaining 9 percent adds up to 105 million people of 55 different nationalities, including 16 million Zhuang, 10.6 million Manchu, 8.3 million Uyghur, 8.9 million Miao, 8 million Tujia, 7.7 million Yi and 5.4 million Tibetan.

Roughly half of the Tibetan nationality lives within the borders of the 470,000 square miles that make up the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China. The remaining Tibetan population lives in the provinces of Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai and Yunnan. There are also Tibetans in India, Bhutan and Nepal.

Tibet has long been recognized as part of China. The relationship goes back until at least the 13th century, in an arrangement whereby the Tibetan rulers exercised local autonomy while the central Chinese government conducted Tibet’s foreign affairs and defense. In 1906, Britain signed a formal recognition of China’s sovereignty over Tibet.

During an exchange of diplomatic statements between Britain and the United States in 1943, Washington stated: "For its part, the Government of the United States has borne in mind the fact that the Chinese constitution lists Tibet among areas constituting the territory of the Republic of China. This Government has at no time raised a question regarding either of these claims." (7)

Before the Chinese Revolution, Tibet’s lamas and nobility accepted the political arrangement with China’s dynastic rulers—and later British colonizers in the early 20th century—as long as the Tibetan rulers could lord over the Tibetan masses unimpeded. Only when the prospect of socialism threatened their privilege, which was founded on the exploitation of the peasantry, did the Tibetan ruling class decide to break ties with China.

In September 1949, fearful of the impending revolution and a challenge to their power, the Tibetan leaders immediately expelled China’s mission in Lhasa on instructions of longtime British agent Hugh Richardson.

Revolution brings change to Tibet

The aim of China’s October 1, 1949, revolution was the emancipation of all the people of China, including the 55 smaller nationalities within Chinese territory.

The government’s initial attitude toward Tibet was one of extreme caution on the matter of reforms. The government was cognizant of the profound control that Tibetan rulers wielded over the serf population, as well as the historic resentment of the Tibetan nationality towards the Han nationality.

The 1951 "Agreement on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet" signed by the new revolutionary government and local Tibetan leaders provided for economic development, education and health care programs.

At first, the old, reactionary social relations were not disturbed. The pact established that "the local government of Tibet shall carry out reform voluntarily, and, when the people demand a reform, shall settle it through consultation with the Tibetan leaders."

Public social projects were inaugurated immediately. The first two roads ever built in Tibet began construction in 1950 and took almost five years to complete. One crossed 14 mountain passes over 1,500 miles from Ya’an in Sichuan province to Lhasa. One truck could transport in two days what it used to take 12 days for 60 yaks to haul. Schools and hospitals were built. (8)

But by 1959, the ruling priesthood, still owners of virtually all the country’s wealth, strongly opposed any attempt to reform their system. Counterrevolutionary bands opposed to change waged paramilitary attacks.

Despite the obstacles imposed by the Tibetan ruling circles, the central government continued the development projects. It firmly believed that the impoverished Tibetan masses, gaining from the progress, would eventually take part in their own emancipation.

There were tremendous difficulties, as one directive from the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party to the reformers showed in the early 1950s:

"As yet, we don’t have a material base for fully implementing the Agreement, nor do we have a base for this purpose in terms of support among the masses or in the upper stratum. To force its implementation will do more harm than good. Since they are unwilling to put the agreement into effect, well then we can leave it for the time being and wait. ...

"Let them go on with their insensate atrocities against the people, while we on our part concentrate on good deeds—production, trade, road-building, medical services, and united front work (unity with the majority and patient education) so as to win over the masses and bide our time before taking up the question of the full implementation of the Agreement. If they are not in favor of the setting up of primary schools, that can stop too." (9)

After eight years of harsh opposition by the feudal lords, the new Chinese revolutionary leadership took direct action in 1959 to overturn the serf system.

The Dalai Lama set the date of March 10, 1959, for a reactionary uprising. The Chinese People’s Liberation Army stayed in the barracks for ten days while the Dalai Lama’s forces attacked, winning over the people by revealing who the real aggressor was. Because the uprising lacked popular support and was confined to the area around Lhasa, it was quickly defeated.

The Dalai Lama fled Tibet for exile in India, eventually landing in Dharamsala. There, he developed a close and long relationship with the CIA. His two brothers had already been working actively with the CIA since the late 1950s.

The Dalai Lama’s treasures preceded him out of the country, as well as the wealth of the nobility who joined him in India. Smaller numbers went to Bhutan and Nepal.

Tibetan progress since the 1949 revolution

The obstacles of poverty, illiteracy, isolation and deeply superstitious beliefs made it difficult to bring even minimal development to Tibet.

The Chinese government, which has a long experience in handling the issues confronting national minority peoples in a multi-national state, has also dealt with the problem of chauvinism and racism emanating from the Han population and the government itself.

Members of the Han nationality living or stationed in Tibet exhibited chauvinism in their relations with the Tibetans at times. Ignorant of the Tibetan language, culture and religion—the latter deeply permeated into all facets of life—the cadre had to be intensively trained at the initiative of the Communist Party leadership.

In "The Making of Modern Tibet," A. Tom Grunfeld writes: "They were taught to respect local customs and etiquette, never to defile temples and holy sites, and to never criticize the Dalai Lama or religious practice. They were told not to bring up communism and class struggle. They arrived carrying whatever provisions they could, and paid for everything they purchased. They paid wages to the Tibetans who worked for them and practiced egalitarianism among themselves to set an example." (10)

Although not all statistics compare to those in the more developed areas of China, progress made during the last 50 years has revolutionized life for Tibetans.

Infant mortality has dropped from 430 deaths per 1,000 births, to a range of 6.61 to 24.5 per 1,000 in 2002. Where only 2 percent of school-age children in the 1950s were in school, today the figure is 85.8 percent; however, there is still a need to increase secondary-level educational levels. The region’s 6,348 hospital beds and 8,948 medical personnel exceed China’s national per-capita average. (11)

Before the revolution, the masses had no elections or political life. In 1965, the First People’s Congress of Tibet was held, which led to the founding of the Tibetan Autonomous Region and the Regional People’s Government. There are 70,000 elected representatives on all levels of government in the TAR.

Beijing is intensifying its development programs in Tibet, with substantial investments in housing, medical care, infrastructure and restoration of cultural sites.

The Ninth People’s Congress of the TAR put forth a housing plan for farmers and herders—the backbone of Tibet’s economy—that will build 52,000 housing units in 2008. By 2010, new housing will have been constructed for 80 percent of farmers’ households. (China Radio International, March 22)

In 2006, the annual income of farmers and herders grew 13.1 percent, the fourth double-digit growth in as many years.

Tourism has increased greatly, especially with the construction of two main railroad lines from central China—the world’s highest in elevation. Four million tourists traveled to Tibet in 2007, up 60 percent from 2006, adding substantially to the region’s income.

Tibetan exiles and the CIA

In the late 1950s and 1960s, the CIA trained hundreds of counterrevolutionary exiles in sabotage and terrorism. This took place on bases from Saipan to Virginia, including the main center of Tibetan operations: Camp Hale, in the Colorado Rocky Mountains.

U.S. intelligence documents, which were released in the late 1990s, document the close relationship between the CIA, the Tibetan exile movement and the Dalai Lama personally: "[F]or much of the 1960s, the CIA provided the Tibetan exile movement with $1.7 million a year for operations against China, including an annual subsidy of $180,000 for the Dalai Lama." (12)

Imperialist support for the Tibetan "independence" movement is reminiscent of their support for Cuban counterrevolutionary forces that fled to exile in Miami after the island’s 1959 liberation from U.S. neo-colonial rule.

Soon after Fulgencio Batista’s overthrow, the CIA trained several thousand Cuban reactionaries in bombings, assassination and other terror tactics in the name of "freedom" and "democracy." The terrorist project, codenamed JM WAVE, became the largest operation in the CIA’s history.

Cuban extremist exiles in Miami claim to speak for Cubans who live in Cuba as they work to destroy the social gains that the vast majority of Cubans support. Similarly, the Tibetan reactionary opposition exiled in Dharamsala fights to overturn the social gains of Tibetans living in Tibet.

This time, the U.S. imperialists would dominate Tibet instead of the British. China has made it clear that it will defend its territorial integrity.

Tibetan right-wing groups could not exist without U.S. and European financing or the support of organizations such as Reporters Without Borders and Human Rights Watch. Actor Richard Gere, chair of the International Campaign for Tibet, has given a high profile to the issue.

Today’s Tibetan "independence" movement

In 1989, a U.S.-influenced public campaign to elevate the Dalai Lama as leader of a Tibetan government-in-exile began to accelerate and continues to the present. The Dalai Lama was granted the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989. As a prelude to the present unfolding events, George W. Bush awarded him the Congressional Gold Medal in October 2007 despite protests from China.

The Dalai Lama claims to seek dialogue with China for discussions on autonomy, but that would only be the first step toward an eventual breaking away from China.

Tibetan counterrevolutionary forces lay claim not only to the 470,000-square-mile territory of the TAR, but also to much of four surrounding provinces that would triple the TAR’s political territory to 1.5 million square miles.

There are new formations in the Tibetan right-wing opposition movement, such as the Tibetan Youth Congress. These younger activists demand immediate separation from China, while the Dalai Lama claims to be only for autonomy. These are only minor tactical differences in what amounts to an internationally financed and coordinated counterrevolutionary campaign.

The method of operation, financing and putsch-style mobilizations are very similar to other U.S. plots targeting governments for overthrow.

The recent riots in Tibet, reminiscent of the "color revolutions" that took place in former socialist states like Yugoslavia (2000), Georgia (2003 Rose Revolution), Ukraine (2004 Revolution) and Kyrgyzstan (2005 Tulip Revolution), bear the markings of a CIA-directed offensive.

Attacks on 17 Chinese embassies and consulates—as well as on the Olympics ceremonies in Greece—is more evidence of a high level of central coordination and planning.

Tibetan "self-determination" under the present circumstances

In the current epoch, it is not possible to speak of independence in an abstract sense. Since the triumph of the first socialist revolution in Russia in 1917 and the subsequent development of a socialist camp—including China—imperialist influence has not permitted any state or nationality to remain neutral.

Every national struggle today contains within itself a class struggle. Tibet is not simply a nationality united by religion, culture and history. There are two classes deep in struggle.

One of these classes is the former ruling landlord class, which never gave up its dream to reconquer its privilege. It is backed by U.S. imperialism, whose ultimate objective is breaking up China.

The other is the vast majority of Tibetans, who—despite the shortcomings and mistakes of the central government—have greatly benefited from the Chinese Revolution, which ended feudalism not only for Tibetans but for all of China’s peoples.

If the Tibetan separatists succeed, Tibet will become a vassal state under the control of the United States. Washington will have dealt a major blow to China and taken one more step toward the full overturn of the Chinese Revolution. For Tibet, this would not be "independence" at all, but a return to feudal and neocolonial servitude.

It might seem hard to stand up in the United States against the maturing campaign against China. The media blitz, disinformation and well-crafted propaganda that is being pumped by the corporate-owned media is designed to delegitimize China while building credibility and sympathy for those favored by imperialism. This is all the more reason for progressive people and opponents of imperialism not to buckle under the pressure.

Bush, the Pentagon and the Democratic Party leadership would prefer nothing more than U.S. students forming "Free Tibet" committees and protesting against China’s fictitious "cultural genocide" in Tibet while Washington continues its very real war and occupation of Iraq. The death of one million Iraqis does qualify as real genocide.

China, including the TAR, cannot be assisted by imperialist sanctions, covert operations and military intervention. They will only be enslaved.



Notes:

1. Washington Post, September 22, 1991. Cited in William Blum, Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower (2000), 180.

2. A. Tom Grunfeld, The Making of Modern Tibet (Armonk, New York; London, England: M.E. Sharep, Inc., 1996), 16.

3. Ibid.

4. Ibid, 21.

5. "Tibet’s March Toward Modernization," Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, November 2001, Beijing.

6. Ibid.

7. Grunfeld, 258.

8. Ibid, 121.

9. Anna Louise Strong, When Serfs Stood Up in Tibet (Peking: New World Press, 1965), 45. Cited in Grunfeld, 112.

10. Grunfeld, 61.

11. "Tibet's March Toward Modernization."

12. J. Mann, "CIA Funded Covert Tibet Exile Campaign in 1960s," The Age (Melbourne, September 16, 1998). Cited in "'Democratic Imperialism:' Tibet, China, and the National Endowment for Democracy," Michael Barker (Global Research, August 13, 2007).

Spots On Squash Balls

Vattimo and signing the appeal against the Tibetan monks

Vattimo and signing the appeal against the Tibetan monks of

GIANNA Fregonara

Corriere della Sera 10/04/2008

And if the March 14 riots in Lhasa were not merely " anticinese a pogrom "? A "manhunt ended with women, children and old people on fire?" and if the international press' that Europe in particular "had engaged in" a campaign by anti-Chinese racist connotations, "worthy continuation of the old" imperialist plan against China and the Opium War? ". A
think are two left-wing intellectuals: the philosopher Gianni Vattimo's weak thought of Turin and the historic University of Urbino Domenico Losurdo, who wrote about modern China more than a book. On the day that Gordon Brown has announced its political boycott of the Olympic ceremonies, Losurdo was glued to his e-mail to appeal to other Italian intellectuals to reconsider the interpretation is "too unbalanced" in favor of monks to what is happening in these pre-Olympic months into the borders of Tibet. So far the only one who responded with interest to the call from Urbino was Gianni Vattimo, who gave the go ahead to the draft Losurdo, "Yes, I sign."
In support of their argument, so far all of the minority, the two professors - Losurdo is considered close to dell'Ernesto, the minority of Rifondazione, Vattimo, former MEP ds, then passed to the Party of Italian Communists is now Diliberto Marxism tour landed at the court - they also bring photos, reports of foreign journalists, tourists who were witnesses in Lhasa in those days and 'video of Chinese television, censored in Italy, but that - explains Losurdo - are easily downloadable from the Internet ":" The European press and the Italian in particular have accepted the version of the monks, and only here and there in bits and pieces you can read some information on the correct wild manhunt those days when the Chinese police were called to intervene too late, as had already happened. "
then back on the agenda also vulgata China is the mission that the two intellectuals are proposed and for which they work, the text of the appeal filing to propose to their colleagues, but also to legislators and the general public. A proper defense of China "by the attack Western ' "Before independence disguised as autonomy for Tibet - Losurdo protest - of Greater Tibet, Inner Mongolia and Manchuria, and finally: is nothing but an updated version of the British imperialist plan against China."

In Pokemon Prism Which Pokemon Knows How To Cut?

The two faces of the Dalai Lama, the Tibetan issue

During his visit to Germany this week the Dalai Lama will again be celebrated as a savior. The leadership of Tibet is recognized as a symbol of tolerance. However, critical voices from the community Tibetans in exile in India require unnecessarily religious freedom and democracy.

Arriva always preceded by a large column of cars, as a chairman of the state. Bodyguards around him, film stars and bosses of companies are benevolently from wings, governors are rushing to meet me in greeting. This week in Frankfurt will probably be like last year at Nuremberg. The Dalai Lama then greeted the audience with his sweet, childish gesture. However, during his speech at the town hall present were shocked, speechless, as reported in the local newspaper the next day.

Trying to cajole the public, the Dalai Lama said that in fact already as a child she had seen pictures very attractive, "very attractive" Nuremberg, "with figures and their weapons," with "Adolf Hitler and Hermann Göring."

Some of the listeners were "embarrassed", others "for a while bewildered." Nuremberg Mayor Ulrich Maly speaks of a "moment of terror," then the guest of honor would be able to leave the mess with the statement that a child would have been impossible for him to provide for the Nazi catastrophe. If the Pope had left to go to such demonstrations of sympathy in the city congress of the Nazi party and the racial laws, the screams would be racing for the whole Republic. Instead, such statements are forgiven at the helm of Tibetan Buddhists, although he, His Holiness would have some reason for a critical comparison with the Nazi past. He who carries the title "Ocean of Wisdom", has always been the most affectionate relationship with his teacher of long ago, the famous climber and writer ("Seven Years in Tibet") Heinrich Harrer, a convinced Nazi, and long tried to hide her being Commander Major team of SS. The court then Tibetan cultivated close relations with the Nazi regime. Shipments of SS in Lhasa were greeted with full honors. His Holiness has not so far clearly distanced himself from those infamous relations. And this is not the only dark chapter of its history of success. The Dalai Lama

prefer to leave aside any doubt, smiling. Nearly everywhere has a reverence even by gods. In the West looks like a supericona of modernity, in the Himalayas but governs like a medieval lord. A gentle feel-good, which can reveal surprising traits intolerant, even dictatorial. The sad fate of his people, the oppression of Beijing, the expulsion from Tibet distract attention from domestic problems to the regime of the Dalai Lama. Here we

fills the stage like a pop star. At Nuremberg, the people listened attentively to 7000, in Hamburg two years ago were 30 000, in Frankfurt it is expected these days to the Commerzbank Arena 40 000. Often fans book tickets priced between 10 and 230 € already more than a year earlier.

In combination with its mega public appearances has been developed over the years a supermarket spirit like no other. Amazon are listing 728 books and 908 in German and in English on the Dalai Lama, 13200 videos on Youtube are, nearly eight million hits on Google. The son of a Tibetan farmer is the most popular of all the winners of the Nobel prize for peace is still living.

Belonging to all religions and even atheists go on pilgrimage to the One - Man - Show. "We looked straight eyes "screamed a young iperfelice Mönchengladbach after the meeting and promised to quit smoking immediately. "Can you make me feel good," said a listener in Boston and summed up the enthusiasm for the Dalai Lama: "It is his aura, the simplicity."

Right there where the spirit of the Enlightenment has its roots, namely in Europe and the United States, the Saviour gives life to new Buddhist strongholds of his religion. Even in the generation of '68, whose attitude was always very critical, is consent. The Stern celebrated in 1971 as the "holy mountain", Der Spiegel spoke excited two years before as "God can touch."

The chairman of the board of the Springer media group (eg editorial group of the tabloid "Bild" and the conservative newspaper "Die Welt", ndt) Mathias Döpfner, the former porn queen Dolly Buster, the soccer star Mehmet Scholl, former Economics Minister Otto Graf Lambdsdorff, the inventor of the Love Parade Dr. Motte - German endless celebrity worship Tenzin Gyatso, the fourteenth Dalai Lama.

Why this endless enthusiasm? Because Christianity has lost credit in the West and believers and created a void, which is developed Buddhism as a sort of religious well-being (Wellness - Religion in German). Why the peaceful quiet that embodies the Dalai Lama simply has a beneficial effect in the uphill battle of competition, as its positivity seems to radiate away all fear and crisis in the West as a prolific romance of Tibet, a transfiguration of the kingdom of snow on the roof of the world in which the most remote corner in 1935 was born Tenzin Gyatso in a shelter with a gutter of juniper wood. The expert of Asia

Orville Schell, director of the Center for Sino-Americans in New York, has explained in countless works as it has developed the myth of Tibet from its centuries of isolation, as a knowledge that is deficient leaves flowers patterns. It all started in 1933 with James Hilton's novel "Lost Horizon", which appeared originally in German under the title "Irgendwo in Tibet" ("Somewhere in Tibet"), which takes place in the paradise of sun Shangri - La, where nobody has to work and they all live in eternal peace. The dream factory of Hollywood has drawn freely, creating a symbiosis between Tibet and pop culture and the film "Kundun" has erected a monument to Tenzin Gyatso. "Since Tibet is still so inaccessible" - Schell notes - "it exists in the representation Western more like a dream as reality, a land on which we project all our longings ("Sehnsucht" in the text) postmodern. "

"I am for you, whatever you want me to be," says the Dalai Lama. And so the star of mountaineering Reinhold Messner sees him as a fighter for the protection of the environment. At the Oscar-winning director Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck's face like that of happiness the central content of his religion. " Actress Uma Thurman is hoping in the absolution for his films full of blood and violence, "Kill Bill": "The Dalai Lama would laugh out loud," if she saw him. And the Dalai Lama is the game, regardless, remains "open" to all the interpretations, to indifference.

for presidents and heads of government is the ideal means of communication, at his side even George W. Bush Sarkozy appears peaceful ol'iperattivo mild. And the boring President of Hesse Roland Koch seems as if he had a bit too 'd'Esprit. At the conservatives and right-wing political game of mutual exploitation works particularly well. The Dalai Lama was closely linked with the far-right Austrian politician Jörg Haider, who repeatedly visited in Carinthia.

The guide of the Tibetans has already 74 years, but is not on tour break to the West for a relatively short time. In June 1979 the Dalai Lama held in Mont Pelerin, high above Lake Geneva, for the first time in Europe a public lecture before a large audience. "The interest in the Dalai Lama was then rather low, there was never once needed police protection," says one of the organizers of the time, who now lives in Switzerland.

Meanwhile, the Dalai Lama has become popular in the world, but no more in all the monasteries of Tibetan Buddhists. "In our community there was more than ten years ago a break," says a fellow traveler of the past. At first glance it was a patron saint that the brotherhood could no longer worship, in the heart of religious dispute but there was a battle for power that until now has been fought to the sound of intrigue, slander, intimidation. For fear of repression of the confidant of the Dalai Lama once asked to remain anonymous.

the "Letter of Tibetans in Switzerland" enjoin all the Tibetans of the federal government that have eighteen years to cease with immediate effect, the veneration of the patron saint of Tibetan Dorje Shugden and sign a list of eight points. "Those few Tibetans who criticize it publicly, so unfounded and excessively His Holiness the Dalai Lama, we are recognized as collaborators of the regime Chinese ".

This strategy - who is not with me is against me, or is even with my archenemies - the tone and drive do not fit with a much milder way of presenting the Dalai Lama shows in the West. His court in Dharamsala is structured as in the old feudal Tibet, dominated by oracles and ritual with Western tolerance and transparency have little in common. The sudden ban pronounced by the Dalai Lama in 1996 of the Shugden cult of the patron saint, revered by the seventeenth century - one of hundreds of saints in the Buddhist canon - he dropped many Tibetans believe in a state of insecurity. For them, this prohibition is incomprehensible. For those who look from outside is difficult to understand the ruthlessness with which the ban is imposed. Before the announcement worshiped Shugden about a third of the 130,000 Tibetans in exile, now in India to publicly declare that worship only a few thousand. About how to adhere to that prohibition 5000000 Tibetans in China there are no independent sources.

The Beat Regli journalist in 1998 on Swiss television showed for the first time the shocking images of the smoldering conflict in the Tibetan community in exile in India. Monks of old age, which in tears rimpiagevano was not already dead before the notice of the cult of Shudgen. A desperate family who had been burned down the house. Identity cards, which are unpopular were stigmatized. And Dalai Lama defended his call for excommunication without compromise. "Wrong, wrong, wrong, wrong, repeated the Dalai Lama, with a cold and harsh, and no one in the West thought him capable, he, always smiling winner of the Nobel prize for peace. In Dharmsala

clash that continues today. The monks who oppose the orders of the Dalai Lama denounced massive discrimination. Relatives and friends are coming under pressure. The shops hanging signs at the door "No admittance" to the Shugden believers. In the past

Shartse Gaden monastery in the town of Mundgod in South India celebrating the inauguration of a new prayer hall. "She should be a big party," a Monaco, but then this has now afraid to say his name. Even the Dalai Lama had come with him and many of the highest authorities. However in the speeches and speeches was treated just the old theme of confrontation about Dorje Shudgen. Then the monks would have been told to sign a statement about not becoming more involved in future worship of Shugden. The conflict has gone on so that the direction of the convent shortly after he had to let it build a wall as tall as a man across the courtyard of the monastery. The dissent takes

religious workers in the meantime the civil justice. At the request of the "Community Dorje Shugden, the highest court in New Delhi should clarify whether the "religious discrimination" of the followers of Shugden is compatible with the Indian law. A decision is expected by the end of the year.

The Dalai Lama said the worship of Shugden would be detrimental to his life and "the affairs of Tibet." Not given any further explanation. Opponents assume that the saint is taken away because it would compete with the state oracle of the Dalai Lama, Shugden is in fact requested the saint as an oracle.

The Tibetan government in exile denies any wrongdoing. "There is only a handful of these men (the followers of Shugden, ndt) and they are totally the pay of the People's Republic of China. These are the only ones who still speak of this issue, "says Samdhong Rinpoche, prime minister of the government in exile. Being in the pay of the Chinese, this is the worst accusation that can be done to Tibet.

The capital of Tibetan refugees is located in McLeod Ganj, a place just outside the capital district Dharamsala, twelve hours by bus north of New Delhi. In 1960 the Dalai Lama moved here with dozens of his closest collaborators, the residence time of the commanders of the British garrison. Thousands of followers have followed him. Meanwhile, many Indians of the region called the place "Little Lhasa". McLeod Ganj is a very small, only two busy one-way streets that wind toward the mountain.

About 600,000 tourists come here every year spiritual rebirth. The cafes and bars are blowing in the valley loud music. Banquet souvenir items with their kitsch - religious line the streets, the shop offers a "trend of the monks." The young Tibetans wear jeans and t-shirts, tourists from the West dress like the actors in a biblical film. Little Lhasa became the Ballermann (the fashion district of Palma de Majorca, very popular with German tourists, ndt) for those looking for meaning in life.

The small government district is a bit 'out of hand, at the foot of the mountain, its tiny ministries, parliament and a library in a tower block shaped like a box with two floors. The Dalai Lama often stresses that the Tibetans in exile in India have set up a democratic system. There 's a parliament with a number of MPs from 43 to 46. The sessions are recorded on DVD and sent to all the settlements of refugees from Tibet. In theory, the parliament could take decisions against the Dalai Lama. "This however has not ever happened," 'said Penpa Tsering, President of the Parliament. "Everyone has a great faith in His Holiness. He sees the Tibetan issue from many perspectives, and receives a lot of information is very, very logical. "

For a long time family members have occupied seats of His Holiness important, since 2001 the prime minister is elected directly by the people. The election of 2006 this was confirmed in office with over 90% of the vote. The political structure in Little Lhasa is especially prepared in order to uphold the decisions of the Dalai Lama and cement his power. The parties have no role. The constitution of the Tibetans in exile does not provide a separation between church and state, although it is acknowledged with eloquent words in the "ideals of democracy."

In 1990 he appeared for the first time the Tibetan independent newspaper "Mang-Tso" (Democracy) - and quickly became the most important means communication from the refugee community in Little Lhasa. "We were writing about electoral fraud, corruption and all that is in any other country," said Jamyang Norbu, editor in chief at the time. "Mang-Tso" was uncomfortable. The editorial was not to be intimidated even when several editors received death threats, while young newsboys of the newspaper were threatened on the street. In 1996, however, the situation worsened after a service in respect of the Aum sect, which had committed the attacks in the Tokyo subway in 1995 with poison gas attacks, which killed around 12 people and hundreds were injured. With the terrorist leader of the sect, Shoko Asahara, the Dalai Lama had met several times. Even weeks after the gas attacks, the Dalai Lama called the guru of the sect murderess a friend, although not quite perfect ", only after the Dalai Lama has distanced himself from the sect Aum. Because of this article "the religious authorities have promptly put pressure on the newspaper," as he wrote then, the organization "Reporters without borders". "Mang-Tso" had to close, was the end of "Democracy".

Critics and public debates are not welcome in Little Lhasa. The Dalai Lama prefers to seek advice from the gods and demons. The Oracle official State of His Holiness called Thupten Ngodup, born 1958, who lives in the monastery of Nechung, just behind the Parliament Building, once ran down the stairs.

For centuries, the Dalai Lama leaves advise this oracle about all the important political and religious decisions. After the death of his predecessor in 1987, Thupten Ngodup was invested with the role of visionary officer of the Dalai Lama. Rumor has it that he has identified for the first time his prowess in several dreams and visions. As a further indication of his psychic ability is worth losing even his often bloody nose. If the Dalai Lama a question, Thupten Ngodup wears his heavy ceremonial robe of 40 kg Incense is turned on, the aides make a huge crown on the head. Then the oracle dance to the music of cymbals and horns until they fall into a trance and starts to mutter phrases that are understandable only to trained ears. The Dalai Lama believes the prophecies. Has indeed had to say in a retrospective finding that "the oracle has always been right."

Democracy is far from it. However, the criticism of the style of government of the Dalai Lama is rarely found resonance. This is in fact to be inhibited by solidarity with an oppressed people who has the superpower of China as an enemy. Expelled from his land to the patriarch Tibetan watch as there are committed terrible injustices being canceled and the ancient culture.

The communist leadership in Beijing means in its campaign of persecution, the Dalai Lama as a "wolf dressed as Monaco" as a "devil with the face of a man and the heart of a beast." At the same time the Chinese security forces crushed every liberal movement on the Tibetan plateau. No wonder, therefore, most of the Western parteggino for the weaker party. However

Tibet - far more than the representation that it has in the West - has never been a paradise. When in 1950 it penetrated the Chinese troops, Tibet was in deep Middle Ages. Monks and nobles they shared the power and most of the men lived as slaves, serfs or debt bondage. A brutal system protected the religious police beatings and whippings. Many monasteries had its own jail cell. Even the friend of the Dalai Lama, Heinrich Harrer (the aforementioned commander SS major, ndt) was often shocked: "The power of the monks in Tibet is quite unique and leaves only comparable with an iron dictatorship. Suspicious, they monitor any influence from outside that could endanger their power. They are wise enough not to believe in themselves first to the unboundedness of their forces, but they are ready to punish anyone external doubt in this respect. " Harrer tells of a man who had stolen a golden lamp in a temple. He was cut his hand publicly. Then "his mutilated body was sewn into the wet skin of a yak. When the skin was dry, was thrown into the deep ravine. "

The Chinese cheered after joining the march as liberators of the Tibetan people, destroyed monasteries and setting up a new apparatus of oppression, now a Communist. Beijing's propaganda has often stressed that the Dalai Lama, in contrast to its slogan peaceful, supported the armed opposition in his country, even with the help of "foreign imperialists". And to tell the truth, both older brothers of the Dalai Lama had established contacts with U.S. intelligence. In the years following the CIA trained at Camp Hale in the Rocky Mountains, about 300 Tibetans in guerrilla warfare. In a full moon night in October 1957, launched on Tibet by a black B17 without indication of the first fighters chosen Tibetan nationality. In case of arrest by the Chinese every fighter was carrying a phial of cyanide.

agents protected the Tibetan Dalai Lama during his escape to India, via telegraph to Morse were in contact with the CIA. Following the Americans financed the construction of an army of rebels in the Nepalese kingdom of Mustang. Only when in the early 70's trade with China intensified, the program was discontinued.

Many supporters of the Dalai Lama who see Buddhism more as an esoteric cult as a religion are amazed when they hear about the collaboration of their idol with the American intelligence services, or if they find out that the spread of Buddhism in Asia was held so much bloody as that of Islam in Arabia or the Christian cross. Continuously taking place even in individual monasteries in Tibet brutal conflicts. Buddhism is not necessarily more tolerant of other religions. In an interview with Playboy, the Dalai Lama called homosexual practices as "conduct abuse "and similarly his teachings defined as" the oral sex or anal sex with their wife or partner. " On the advice of his American publishers have been removed in the same tone passages from his book "Ethics for the New Millennium."

The Dalai Lama is a man of harmony, he wants to be able to please everyone. However, in the future will have to deal with conflicts. After all the criticism is also growing in the community in exile. "His Holiness as he lives in a bubble, without contact with the outside world," says the activist years Lhasang Tsering, who now runs a bookstore in Little Lhasa. "Politics and religion should be finally divided."

It also requires that Jamyang Norbu. "The Dalai Lama is not a bad man," says Time managing editor of a newspaper "Mang-Tso", "but begins to be an obstacle to our development." He added: "We have no democracy at all. Much is even worse today than in 1959. In the past there were three centers of political power: the Dalai Lama, monasteries and nobles. "Today we have only the Dalai Lama as a single person of power."

Tilman Müller and Janis Vougioukas on "Stern".

translation of Hercules Hercules

Sample Resume For Istqb Cer

Tibet: True or false?

Tibet: True or false?

Mila and Marcos Michel Collon

www.resistenze.org on the 23/03/2009

Without any question, to understand what you are familiar with the issue of Tibet

This media-test "does not want to offend. All positions are respectable. Our goal is that each one may ask, by itself, a fundamental question:

"My beliefs are based on reliable information or it was the manipulation of public opinion on some critical issues? "

How to be a good judge? You must listen carefully to the various positions, leave prejudices aside and check the reliability of each test, document or witness. We should not be all, readers or viewers of the media, interested to apply this method?


1. "Before the Chinese invasion, the Tibetan people lived in harmony with the monks and the feudal lords in a social order inspired by religious teachings."

FALSE.

The doctrine required the superiority of the rich man and the inferiority of the rural poor, the lower Monaco, and slave women. We had this order as the result of inevitable karmic succession, produced the virtue of the rich and their past lives.

In fact, this ideology justified a feudal social order of class: the servants had to work the lands of the lord or the monastery, and free for life. Whatever action was a pretext to impose high taxes, wedding, funeral, birth, religious festivals, possession of an animal, plant a tree, dancing, and even get in or out of prison.

These debts could be passed from father to son and continue in subsequent generations, and if the debts were not paid, the debtors were enslaved.

The escapees and thieves were pursued by a small professional army. The punishments were the preferred tongue cut or a blind eye, cutting the hamstring, etc.. All of these have been banned torture in 1951 through the implementation of the reforms brought by Beijing.


2. "In 1951 China invaded Tibet"

FALSE.

The term "invasion" implies the idea of \u200b\u200bthe existence of two different countries. In fact, from the twelfth century, the Mongol empire, Tibet was annexed by China. Since the seventeenth century, Tibet has become one of the eighteen provinces of China and the Dalai Lama received any guarantee of its legitimacy from the emperor of China.

At the end of the nineteenth century the British Empire invaded Tibet. The Dalai Lama took the opportunity to claim independence of Tibet. This demand, however, was not taken into account by any Chinese party or from any country in the world. In 1949, the U.S. State Department considered the Tibet (and Taiwan) as part of China, but everything changes when China becomes a socialist country with Mao Zedong.

was the same State Department, then, who wrote:

"Tibet becomes a zone strategic ideologically important. The independence of Tibet could serve as a struggle against communism, our interest is to recognize it as an independent country rather than as an integral part of China. " But he adds: "The situation changes if you create a government in exile. In this case, our interest will be to support Tibetan independence without recognizing it. The recognition of the independence of Tibet is not the question really important. This is our strategy against China. "


3. "From the moment when the Chinese Communists took power in 1951, the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan lords have lost their political power in Tibet"

FALSE.

In 1951, signed the Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet between Beijing and the Tibetan local government. The Dalai Lama accepted the proposal of Mao Zedong and sent a telegraphic message: "The local government, the lamas and secular people unanimously support the Tibetan Agreement of 17 articles."

This was the context in which the People's Liberation Army entered Tibet. The agreement provided for the continuation of serfdom in Tibet under the authority of the Dalai Lama.

The monasteries, the Dalai Lama and the officers kept their possessions (70% of the land). Beijing managed only to military matters and reports international. The Tibetan local government, composed of lamas and the feudal lords, negotiated and accepted the agreement. In return, the Dalai Lama received the post of Vice-President of the Chinese parliament, which took place without the slightest hesitation.


4. "The Battle of Lhasa ended with the death of 83,000 Tibetans!"

FALSE.

To better understand the evolution of the conflict: while the feudal serfdom in Tibet had been maintained, the fifties the land reform was implemented in neighboring provinces (Tibetan inhabited by minorities, which coexisted with the Han, Hui, Yi, Naxi, Qiang , Mongols, etc.)..

It confiscated the lands of landlords redistribute it to poor peasants. This process was developed without too much friction, given that the Chinese government was paying a pension to its former owners. There are lamas and Tibetan overlords of the regions bordering on it, for fear of losing their privileges, they began to organize resistance.

an armed revolt broke out in 1956, started from the monastery in Litang in Sichuan province. After a few skirmishes with the Red Army, one of the elite of Tibetan Sichuan has taken refuge in Tibet spreading rumors of the "red terror".

The CIA financed and supported the rebellion from the beginning. They had trained militias in Colorado, the were then run in Tibet and were supplied by air. The bloody events of this period were in fact a struggle for the suppression of the privileged classes organized by the CIA. In 1959, the rumors that "The Chinese wanted to kidnap the Dalai Lama" caused a large demonstration in Lhasa (although the CIA, in fact, had already organized the escape of the Dalai Lama in India). The protesters lynched some Tibetan officials red army crushed the rebellion.

How many deaths there were in Lhasa? According to testimonies collected by the pro-independence political scientist Henry Bradsher, 3000. In 1959 the Dalai Lama claimed that they were 65,000, and increased the number until you get to 87,000. The problem is that back then, Lhasa had a maximum population of 40,000.

Certainly after the rebellion 10,000 Tibetans were sentenced to hard labor for eight months, and used in the construction of the first power plant Ngchen. The figures fantasies about the "genocide" have continued to circulate. In 1984 the Tibetan government, said: "Between 1949 and 1979 are 432,000 Tibetans were murdered by the Red Army!"


5. At first, India denied political asylum to the Dalai Lama

TRUE.

Since 1949 the U.S. has tried to persuade the Dalai Lama into exile. To do this, have the support of his two brothers (contacted by the CIA since 1951) and the German Councillor Heinrich Harrer (ex SS).

The then Indian leader, Nehru, had no intention of giving him political asylum. Therefore, President Eisenhower proposed a treaty, if India had given asylum to the Dalai Lama, the U.S. would form 400 Indian engineers in the field of nuclear technology.

The treaty was accepted. In 1974 the first atomic bomb India veins cynically called "the Smiling Buddha."


6. The Chinese occupation has caused the violent death of 1.2 million Tibetans

FALSE.

Two data contradict this figure, accepted without proof more than 30 years by all the Western countries.

1 - The age structure of the Tibetan population. It is estimated that in 1953 the Tibetan population (both in Tibet and in neighboring provinces) reached a maximum 2.5 million inhabitants. If they had killed 1.2 million Tibetans between 1951 and the early 70 ', a large part of Tibet would have been depopulated. In addition, there would be a great imbalance between men and women. Demographers, however, do not detect any abnormality in the Tibetan population, which has never stopped growing. Currently in China there are nearly 6 million Tibetans.

2 - The only person who had access to the archives of the Tibetan government in exile Patrick is French, when he directed the campaign "Free Tibet" in London. With documents in hand, French came to closing that the evidence of the "Tibetan genocide" had been falsified. The battles of 1959 had been recorded several times and the figures of the dead had been added on the sidelines, as a result. French denounced this forgery, but the figure of 1.2 million deaths continued to go around the world.


7. "During the Cultural Revolution was banned all religious practice"

TRUE.

Between 1966 and 1976, all religious practices were forbidden, not only in Tibet but throughout China. Closed the monasteries and the monks were forced to live with their families of origin, devoted to productive work, mostly agricultural. Not all the monasteries of worship destroyed, but many objects of worship were swept away by Red Guards (young Tibetan intellectuals belonging to the Chinese revolutionary movement).

When the situation degenerated badly (excesses, arbitrary punishments), the Red Army intervened and restored the social and economic order. The Chinese government admitted the mistakes he had committed in this period and began to finance the restoration of all the religious heritage of Tibet.

The monasteries of monks returned to fill. Currently, in China there are more than 2,000 Tibetan monasteries and restored function.


8. "The Dalai Lama is a sort of Pope of Buddhism worldwide"

FALSE.

The Dalai Lama is not the Zen Buddhism (Japan), or Buddhism in Southeast Asia, or China's. Tibetan Buddhism represents less than 2% of the Buddhists of the world. In Tibet, also, there are four separate schools of Buddhism. The Dalai Lama belongs to one of those, the geluppa (the "virtuous" yellow hair),

During the visit of the Dalai Lama said in London in 1992, was charged by most British Buddhist organization of being a "ruthless dictator "and an" oppressor of freedom religious. " This is a "Papa" with a few religious disciples, but many political followers.


9. The Dalai Lama claims a territory equivalent to the fourth part of China

TRUE.

Although in his later statements claimed to be satisfied with autonomy, in his book claims the "Greater Tibet", a territory twice as large as that on which the Dalai Lama exercising their political power in the past! This area includes the entire province of Qinghai and parts of the provinces of Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan, inhabited by many minorities, and Tibetan.

What would they do? Drive out non-Tibetans? They would do the ethnic cleansing? Sure! In 1987 the Dalai Lama said quote: "They will have 7.5 million from the settlers." These are not colonists, however, since the population of these regions is mixed for several centuries. In any case, this expansionist project would result in what all great powers have wanted for more than 150 years: dismember China.


10. "The funding comes from donations of the Tibetan movement of humanitarian NGOs or charitable"

FALSE.

The Tibetan movement actually receive such donations, but its main source of financing is the U.S. government. Between 1959 and 1972, the CIA gave $ 1.7 million to the "Tibetan Government in exile and 180,000 dollars a year directly to the Dalai Lama. For a long time, he denied it, but finally in the eighties, has ended with public recognition. Since then, funding has been more discreet, through front organizations like the National Endowment for Democracy (NED), the Tibet Fund, the State Department's Bureau of Democracy ... Another of his major sponsors, is George Soros, through the Albert Einstein Institution, which continues to be directed by former colonel Robert Helvey of U.S. intelligence.


11. "The U.S. support for the Dalai Lama is motivated by strategic objectives"

TRUE.

Elite director of the U.S. sees China as its main enemy. Although it is an indispensable economic partner in the long term, China is considered as the main factor of resistance to U.S. world domination. The United States predict that China will surpass the U.S. economy in 2030. Consequently, it is crucial for the U.S. to prevent the rest of the Asian countries are able to create a common market linked to China that might escape their control. So, they dream of splitting China as they did with the USSR.

Their goal is to control the economic wealth, the labor market and the largest in the world. China to weaken the U.S. has a dual strategy. On the one hand surround it with military bases, on the other, support separatism and every kind of opposition, starting with mass media campaigns to weaken. This is why they invest large sums of money into the issue of Tibet.


12. "The Dalai Lama has publicly defended the fascist dictator of Chile, Augusto Pinochet"

TRUE.

Pinochet was arrested by British police in England, based on an international arrest warrant issued by English Judge Baltasar Garzon. At that meeting the Dalai Lama strongly urged the British government for the release of Pinochet, so that was tried in Spain for crimes against humanity.

Pinochet was also a former CIA employee. The Dalai Lama, in fact, is a pawn of the United States. In 2007, George Bush awarded him the most decorated U.S., the Congressional Gold Medal. His Holiness then incensed the Bush administration for its efforts to promote democracy, freedom and human rights around the world.

He even called the U.S. "champions of democracy and freedom!"


13. "Reporter since Frontieres (RSF) support the Dalai Lama in a disinterested manner"

FALSE.

RSF presents itself as an organization that fights for freedom of journalists, and a large number donors believe that they support an independent and objective. But the funding to assist journalists oppressed occupies only 7% of overall funding. The rest is intended to finance political campaigns, where is the money laundering.

The owner of RSF, Robert Menard, is a defender of human rights variable geometry. He criticizes Venezuela and Cuba by distorting the facts? It has been funded by the Cuban mafia in Miami. He criticizes China for its policy in Tibet? He received $ 100,000 from the anti-Taiwan. Menard is certainly much more so when it comes to criticizing the U.S., the country that killed more journalists in recent years (Especially in Iraq). E 'funded by the CIA through the NED, cited above. Why

Ménard has left that RSF would stop criticizing the French media? Because it is financially tied to the great French media and some large corporations. Distributors print (partial ownership of Lagardère) distribute free of his photo albums. "You do not spit into the pot where you eat!" He recognized the same Menard in 2001. How, for example, to organize a discussion on the concentration of print and then ask Hanvas Hachette or to finance the event?

Despite all these suspicious backgrounds, the majority of mainstream media continue to defend the arguments of Menard. But UNESCO has stopped financing it with this explanation: "On several occasions, RSF had demonstrated lack of ethics in dealing with some countries very little objective."


14. "China is doing a cultural genocide in Tibet"

FALSE.

Tibet has long been an autonomous region. Since the 80 ', the Tibetan culture and religion is practiced freely, children are bilingual and Tibetology institutes have been opened. The monasteries were filled with llamas, including children. The Tibetan language is spoken and written by many more people than before the revolution. In Tibet there is a hundred literary magazines. The magazine Foreign Office, near the U.S. State Department, acknowledged that the practice of bilingualism was used by 60/70% of ethnic Tibetan officials.

Furthermore, Tibetan culture has had a new perspective on the development in the rest of China, especially in language, literature, studies of traditional life and architecture. In China have been published important collections of books, newspapers and magazines in Tibetan language. There are many publications dedicated to the promotion of Tibetan language, not only in Tibet but also in Beijing. Evidence shows that the idea of \u200b\u200b"cultural genocide" is nothing but a myth of political campaigning.


15. "The violence that took place in Lhasa on 14 March 2008, are the consequence of the harshness with which the Chinese police and army have suppressed a peaceful demonstration."

FALSE.

All the witnesses present at that time Western, including the journalist James Miles (The Economist), confirm the same version: the violence was triggered by young Tibetans who had been directed by some lamas to commit acts of vandalism.

These actions were planned to racist crime. Several groups, all armed in the same way (Molotov cocktails, stones, iron bars and butcher knives), acting the same way, they spread Lhasa, spreading panic and attacking the Han (Chinese) and Hui (Muslim). They have attacked schools, hospitals, hotels. They burned alive and stoned several civilians. Were counted 19 dead and over 300 wounded. Some older Tibetans rescue some victims have saved their lives.

When there were these racist violence, supporters of the Dalai Lama has claimed that it was a stunt performed by Chinese soldiers dressed as monks, by circulating the photo, a so-called "photo-satellite", which purported to prove the facts. We have shown that the photo was a huge farce.

Initially, the Chinese police and army were passive, and then intervene and stem the tide of violence. How many victims were there? The Western media spread a figure that reaches "hundreds," but again, this figure comes entourage of the Dalai Lama. Some of the "dead counted by the Tibetan government in exile now living in Tibet. Others are called "Dupont, Charleroi," without further precision.


The controversy is not over.
for info and contacts: mila.marcos.investigaction @ gmail.com


Reprints general de Elisabeth Martens

book "History of the Tibetan Buddsmo, the Compassion of the Mighty"

Edition L'Harmattan, collection "Asiatic Researches," 2007.

ISBN: 978-2-296-04033-5, Prezzo: 25.50 €

- Libro Elisabeth Martens - Interview-presentation: http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2007-11 -23% 2009:44:24 & log = lautrehistoire

- Elisabeth Martens - Bio connected, BT-light or dalaïstes convinced: what is it left? "(A portion of his book)

http: / / www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-28% 2015:24:38 & log = prompts

- Elisabeth Martens - "What the Dalai Lama does not say about Tibet and its doctrine "

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2007-11-23% 2009:44:24 & log = lautrehistoire

-" Tibet: Réponses sur l'Histoire, la religion, class des moines, les problèmes sociaux, repression, the rôle des USA ... "- http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-03-28% 2006:21:41 & log = Specific invites REFERENCES 1. "Before the Chinese invasion of the Tibetan people lived in harmony with the monks and the feudal lords in a social order inspired by religious teachings"

- Michael Parenti - "Le Mythe du Tibet."

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2005-08-24% 2011:39:05 & log = invites

- Zang Yanping - "When the Dalai Lama was in power, 95% of Tibetans could be sold as commodities"

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-03-20% 2005:43:04 & log = lautrehistoire

2. "In 1951, the invasion there Cina Tibet."

- Elisabeth Martens - "Tibet: Answers on history, religion, class of monks, social problems, law enforcement, the U.S. role ..."

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-03-28% 2006:21:41 & log = prompts

3. "Da quando i Comunisti China took power in 1951, the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan lords have lost all their political power "

4. "The battle is 83,000 dead in Lhasa Tibetan."

- Jean-Paul Desimpelaere - 'Les Chinois ont-ils les Tibétains liquid? "

http://www.mondialisation.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=7771

5. "At the india denied political asylum to the Dalai Lama."

- Comaguer-"Les USA, Chine et Linde: aperçu sur la géopolitique de l'Himalaya"

http://www.michelcollon .info / articles.php? dateaccess = 04/04/2008% 2005:54:19 & log = invites

6. "The Chinese occupation causes the violent death of 1.2 million Tibetans."

- Jean-Paul Desimelaere - "The CIA sponsors of the Dalai Lama"

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php? dateaccess = 01/02/2008% 2018:31:49 & log = lautrehistoire

7. "During the Cultural Revolution was banned all religious practice."

8. "The Dalai Lama is a sort of Pope of Buddhism worldwide."

- Peter Franssen - 'The Dalai Lama: "Les Etats-Unis sont les champions de la démocratie et de la liberté"

http://www. michelcollon.info / articles.php? dateaccess = 3/20/2008% 2006:42:36 & log = invites



- Nico Hirtt - 'A propos de la tours du "chef spirituel tibétain' en Belgique"

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-28 2014:33% : 18 & log = invites

9. "The Dalai Lama claims a territory equivalent to the fourth part of China."

- Domenico Losurdo "The Dali Lama is a moderate?"

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008 -05-27% 2000:11:17 & log = invites

- Michael Parenti - Le Mythe du Tibet

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2005-08-24% 2011: 39:05 & log = invites

10. "It comes Finanziamento del movimento da tibetano donazioni umanitarie o di NGO caritatevoli."

- Infortibet - The CIA: "It is we who have prepared the uprising in Tibet"

http://www.michelcollon.info/ articles.php? dateaccess = 2008-03-20% 2006:37:04 & log = lautrehistoire

- Jean-Paul Desimelaere - The CIA sponsor of the Dalai Lama

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php ? dateaccess = 2008-01-02% 2018:31:49 & log = lautrehistoire

- Jean Paul Desimpelaere - "China is forcing nomadic Tibetans to live in town": info ou intox?

http://www. michelcollon.info / articles.php? dateaccess = 2008-01-14% 2010:20:14 & log = attentionm

11. "The U.S. support for the Dalai Lama is motivated by strategic reasons"

- Elisabeth Martens - "Quelles issues crise pour la Chine-Tibet? "Http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-28% 2014:52:36 & log = invites

- Domenico Losurdo -" When is because the U.S. has changed its position on Tibet '

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-02% 2023:07:29 & log = lautrehistoire

12. "El Dalai Lama to publicly Defend el antiguo dictador fascist Augusto Pinochet of Chile."

- F. William Engdhal - "Jeux Geopolitical risk: Washington jue Tibet Roulette with China

http://www.alterinfo.net/Jeu-geopolitique-risque-Washington-joue-le-Tibet-a-la-roulette-avec-la- Chine_a18783.html

13. "Sin Fronteras Reporteros Apoya al Dalai Lama desinteresada training." - Pagina oficial de Sin Fronteras Reporteros.

http://www.rsf.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=21

- Jean-Guy Allard - "Robert Menard received $ 100 000 of Taiwan"

http://www.michelcollon.info/ articles.php? dateaccess = 2008-05-02% 2016:47:41 & log = prompts

- Thierry Meyssan - "Reporters Without Borders covers CIA "

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2005-12-07% 2019:30:56 & log = prompts

- Jean-Guy Allard -" RSF receives its funding from Taipei "

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-10% 2013:55:15 & log = prompts

- Jean-Luc Melenchon -" I'm no agreement with the Olympic boycott and the anti-Chinese "

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-30% 2014:42:44 & log = prompts

- Salim Lamrani - Cuba, the Internet and Reporters Without Borders

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2007-03-09% 2005:51:18 & log = prompts

- Maxime Vivas - The hidden face of Reporters Without Borders

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2007-11-19% 2009:01:32 & log = attentionm

14. "China está a cometiendo genocidio cultural en el Tibet."

- Ingo Nentwing - "cultural genocide" in Tibet "

http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-05-02% 2017 : 19:23 & log = prompts

- AlterInfo - "A German sinologist refutes claims of cultural genocide 'in Tibet"

http://www.alterinfo.net/Un-sinologue-allemand-refute-les-allegations de-cultural genocide au Tibet_a19137.html

16. "The violence that took place in Lhasa on 14 March 2008, are the consequence of the harshness with which the Chinese police and army have suppressed a peaceful demonstration."

- Michel Collon - "Tibet: Investigation on a photo manipulated" http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-03% 2007:17:28 & log =
articles - Peter Fransen - "What really happened in Lhasa? Journalists and tourists say something else "
http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-03-20% 2006:18:02 & log = attentionm
- Peter Franssen -" 5 questions à propos soulèvement du au Tibet "http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-03-28% 2014:10:11 & log = invites
- Elisabeth Martens -" Tibet: A appel à de Bouddha 'esprit critique "- http://www.michelcollon.info/articles.php?dateaccess=2008-04-10% 2013:44:48 & log = invites

Other references. If you want to see the version of the supporters of the Dalai Lama and separatism:

- http://bouddhisme.info/
- http://images.library.wisc.edu/FRUS/EFacs/: Archivos de la " Foreign Relations of the United States '
- www.iiss.org / about-us: Map' U.S. troop deployment "en el portal of the "International Institute for Strategic Studies"
- www.berzinarchives.com
- www.buddhaline.net Address of His Holiness the Dalai Lama in the European Parliament (01/11/2001)
- www.cerbi.com
- www.clio.fr / chronologie_tibet_durepli_a_l_ouverture_force
- www.dalailama.com: Official website of the Dalai Lama
- www.darshan.fr.eu.org
- www.karmapa-europe.net
- www.maisondeshimalayas.org
- www . mindandlife.org: Portal of the Institute "Mind and Life"
- www.progressive.org
- www.solhimal.free.fr
- www.theepochtimes.com: Home of "The Epoch Times, Falun Gong newspaper
- www.tibet.fr / site / gouvernement.php: Government Portal Tibetan exile y en el de la Campaña "Free Tibet".
- www.tibet-info.net
- www.tibet-info.org/amisdutibet/: Portal de Los Amigos del Tibet. "
- www.trimondi.de / Kalachakra / literatur.ka.htm
- www.trimondi.de: Foro sobre la crítica
Kalachakra - www.wikipedia.org / wiki / livre_des_morts_tibétains

by Rebelion - www.rebelion.org/ noticia.php? id = 69452
translation from English to www.resistenze.org FR